New York State Public Health Law Section 2112 Important Information for Physicians Caring for Children Less Than 3 Years of Age

What is Public Health Law §2112?

Effective July 1, 2008, New York State Public Health Law (PHL) §2112 prohibits the administration of vaccines containing more than trace amounts of thimerosal, a mercury-containing preservative, to women who know they are pregnant and children less than three years of age, with certain exceptions.

What is thimerosal?

Thimerosal is an organic compound containing approximately 49% ethyl mercury and has been used in some vaccines and other products since the 1930s. Since 2001, with the exception of some influenza vaccines, thimerosal is not used as a preservative in routinely recommended childhood vaccines. In addition, there are thimerosal-free preparations for most vaccines recommended for adults. Multiple scientific studies and an extensive review by the Insititutes of Medicine have shown no evidence of adverse health effects due to thimerosal.

How do you define "trace" amounts of mercury?

For the purposes of this law, the definition of the term "trace" depends on the type of vaccine. For children less than 3 years old, an influenza vaccine may contain no more than 0.625 micrograms of mercury per 0.25 milliliter dose. All other vaccines may contain no more than 0.5 micrograms of mercury per 0.5 milliliter dose.

What should I do differently in my practice?

Plan ahead when ordering vaccines. Order a sufficient supply of thimerosal-free or single-dose preparations of influenza vaccine and other vaccines to adequately immunize your patients less than 3 years old. If you stock both thimerosal-free and thimerosal-containing vaccines to immunize your patients, consider reserving thimerosal-free doses for your patients less than 3 years old to ensure that sufficient doses of vaccine that are compliant with the law are available to vaccinate these individuals.

What should I do if I have already ordered vaccine that does not comply with PHL §2112?

If you have already placed your influenza vaccine order for the 2008-2009 season, the vaccine manufacturers have stated that orders can still be changed. Please call the vaccine manufacturer you placed your order with to change your order to vaccine that complies with PHL §2112.

There have been vaccine shortages in the past. What do I do if I can't get vaccines that comply with PHL §2112?

If vaccine that complies with the law is not available for distribution in the state, the State Commissioner of Health can authorize the use of other vaccines.

If the State Commissioner of Health has not authorized the use of other vaccines, you are expected to seek out vaccine that complies with PHL §2112. In instances when you have sought out vaccine with no more than trace amounts of thimerosal but such vaccine cannot be obtained, you must document the attempts that were made to locate and obtain this vaccine, and should contact the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) or the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene at the phone numbers provided below to discuss your inability to obtain the vaccine.

Is there anything special I must do if I need to give vaccines that have more than a trace amount of thimerosal?

Children less than 3 years of age should still be vaccinated. Before you administer a vaccine that contains more than trace levels of thimerosal, informed consent from the parent/guardian must be obtained. Informed consent should be documented. A consent form may be used, or consent may be documented in a notation in the patient's medical record or on the immunization record.

Federal law requires that you provide the patient's parent/guardian with the most current vaccine information statement (VIS). The VIS for influenza vaccine contains information on thimerosal and mercury used in the vaccine and can be used as background information for the purpose of obtaining informed consent. The information contained in the influenza VIS concerning thimerosal can also be helpful when obtaining informed consent prior to administering other vaccines that contain more than trace amounts of mercury. The influenza VIS can be obtained at http://www.immunize.org/vis/vis_fluinactive.asp.

What about disease outbreaks in my community? Will there be enough vaccine?

The State Commissioner of Health may authorize the use of vaccines containing more than trace amounts of thimerosal, including influenza vaccine, for children less than three years of age when it is necessary to prevent or respond to an outbreak of disease and there are insufficient amounts of vaccine available that contain only trace amounts of thimerosal. During an outbreak, informed consent is not required.

How do I counsel parents/guardians about the risk of thimerosal?

It is important to emphasize with parents/guardians that, after multiple scientific studies, there is no evidence that thimerosal causes harm to patients. The real risk of disease from lack of vaccination far outweighs the unproven risk of harm, if any, from thimerosal. For example, the risk of complications due to influenza disease among children less than 3 years old is high. Providers should administer available influenza vaccine to these patients.

Where can I get more information?

An official notification about PHL §2112 was released on April 23, 2008, in the form of a Health Advisory and can be viewed at: https://commerce.health.state.ny.us/hpn/ctrldocs/alrtview/postings/doc080423_0.pdf. (Account Required)

Additional information regarding vaccine safety, including the use of thimerosal in vaccines, can be obtained at the CDC's Immunization Safety Office website and at the website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

For further information, please contact your local health department or your regional NYSDOH Immunization Program at the following:

Western Regional Office

  • Buffalo: 716-847-4385
  • Rochester: 585-423-8114

Central New York Regional Office

  • Syracuse: 315-477-8164
  • Herkimer: 315-866-6879

Capital District Regional Office

  • Troy: 518-408-5278
  • Oneonta: 607-432-2890
  • Saranac Lake: 518-891-4172

Metropolitan Area Regional Office

  • New Rochelle: 914-654-7149
  • Central Islip: 631-851-3096

Providers and facilities in New York City should contact the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene at 212-676-2323. For questions about ordering vaccine in New York City, VFC providers can call 212-447-8175 during business hours.